Time+keeps+on+slippin'

1) What is the current calendar most of the world uses / accepts? Explain who made it and why this is accepted?

 * The Gregorian Calendar, was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, is the internationally accepted civil calendar. The reason for this calendar's acceptance was that the Julian Calendar assumes that the time between vernal equinoxes {the time the earth makes a full rotation around the sun} is 356.25 days, when in fact it is about 11 minuets less.

2) What is a leap year?

 * Every year that is exactly divisible by four is a leap year, excluding the years divisible by one-hundred; however, years divisible by four-hundred are considered leap years.

3) List three other types of calendars used and how they set up their calendar (ex. Lunar).

 * Lunar Calendar - Cycles of the moon.
 * Solar Calendar - Cycles of the seasons.
 * Maya Calendar - 365 days and every 4 years an extra day.

4) What is BC?

 * Before Christ.

5) What is BCE?

 * Before Common Era.

6) What is AD?

 * Anno Domini or Year of our Lord referring to the year of Christ's birth.

7) What is CE?

 * Common Era.

8) What is MYA?

 * Million Years Ago.

9) According to the time-line site, how many periods of when are there and list time.

 * There are 21 periods.
 * 14000 MYA - Big Bang : Formation of the Universe.
 * 4600 MYA - Formation of Earth.
 * 534 MYA - 490 MYA - Cambrian : Explosion of life on Earth.
 * 290 MYA - 248 MYA - Permian : Largest Mass Extinction
 * 245 MYA - 65 MYA - Mesozoic : Age of Dinosaurs
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">5 MYA - 2500 BC - Stone Age : The Human Era
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">70000 BC - 8000 BC - Ice Age : Extinction of Large Mammals
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">9000 BC - 4500 BC - Neolithic : First Permanent Settlements
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">3200 BC - 1200 BC - Bronze Age : First Pharaohs
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1200 BC - 332 BC - Iron Age : Start of the Trojan War
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">332 BC - 63 BC - Hellenistic Period
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">63 BC - 476 - Roman Period
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">330 - 1453 - Byzantine Period
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">476 - 1350 - Middle Ages
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1350 - 1600 - Renaissance
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1500 - 1600 - Reformation
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1600 - 1800 - Enlightenment
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1750 - 1900 - Industrial Revolution
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1900 - 2000 - 20th Century
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">2000 - 2099 - 21st Century
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">2011 - Future

10) What is an eon, epoch, era, and age?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Eon - The longest division of geological time.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Epoch - A unit of geological time that is a subdivision of a period and is itself divided into ages.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Era - A particular period of time marked by distinctive features, events, etc.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Age - A historic period: an era of history having some distinctive feature; "we live in a litigious age."

11) List three ancient calendars

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Ice-age hunters in Europe over 20,000 years ago scratched lines and gouged holes in sticks and bones, possibly counting the days between phases of the moon.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Five thousand years ago, Sumerians in the Tigris-Euphrates valley in today's Iraq had a calendar that divided the year into 30 day months, divided the day into 12 periods (each corresponding to 2 of our hours), and divided these periods into 30 parts (each like 4 of our minutes).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">There are no written records of Stonehenge, built over 4000 years ago in England, but its alignments show its purposes apparently included the determination of seasonal or celestial events, such as lunar eclipses, solstices and so on.

12) List two ancient clocks and how they worked.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Sun Clocks
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Water Clocks

13) What was a revolution of timekeeping?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Spring-powered mechanisms.

14) What allows for standard more accurate clocks?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">The pendulum clock, regulated by a mechanism with a "natural" period of oscillation.

15) What are time zones?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Given a 24 hour day and 360 degrees of longitude around the earth, it is obvious that the world's 24 time zones have to be 15 degrees wide, on average. Therefore the earth rotates and the sun appears at different times in different places.

16) What is the prime meridian?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">The prime meridian is for longitude and timekeeping.

17) If it’s 10:00 AM in Regina, what time is it in Toronto? London? Moscow? Tokyo? Hawaii?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Toronto - 11:00 A.M.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">London - 4:00 P.M.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Moscow - 7:00 P.M.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Tokyo - 1:00 A.M.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Hawaii - 6:00 A.M.

18) What is Daylight Saving Time? Do we use this in Saskatchewan?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Daylight Saving Time is when we set our clocks an hour ahead of standard time on the second Sunday in March. Then, we set our clocks back to standard time, one hour back, at 2 A.M. on the first Sunday in November.

19) Is there a year zero?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">'Year Zero' does not exist in the Gregorian Calendar.

20) Are we starting a new decade in 2010 or 2011?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">We never had a year zero, so 2011 is the start of a new decade.

21) What is linear time?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Linear time is a concept where by time is seen sequentially, as a series of events that are leading toward something; beginning, and an end.

22) What is cyclical time?

 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Cyclical time sees time as circular, not necessarily leading towards something, but repeating itself in a cycle of events.